Hierarchical Cluster Analysis Transform Values

The following alternatives are available for transforming values:

• Z scores. Values are standardized to z scores, with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
• Range −1 to 1. Each value for the item being standardized is divided by the range of the values.
• Range 0 to 1. The procedure subtracts the minimum value from each item being standardized and then divides by the range.
• Maximum magnitude of 1. The procedure divides each value for the item being standardized by the maximum of the values.
• Mean of 1. The procedure divides each value for the item being standardized by the mean of the values.
• Standard deviation of 1. The procedure divides each value for the variable or case being standardized by the standard deviation of the values.

Additionally, you can choose how standardization is done. Alternatives are By variable or By case.