try blocks (C++ only)

You use a try block to indicate which areas in your program that might throw exceptions you want to handle immediately. You use a function try block to indicate that you want to detect exceptions in the entire body of a function.


try block syntax

                          .---------.   
                          V         |   
>>-try--{--statements--}----handler-+--------------------------><


Function try block syntax

                                                       .---------.   
                                                       V         |   
>>-try--+----------------------------+--function_body----handler-+-><
        '-:--member_initializer_list-'

The following code is an example of a function try block with a member initializer, a function try block and a try block:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class E {
   public:
      const char* error;
      E(const char* arg) : error(arg) { }
};

class A {
   public:
      int i;

      // A function try block with a member
      // initializer
      A() try : i(0) {
         throw E("Exception thrown in A()");
      }
      catch (E& e) {
         cout << e.error << endl;
      }
};

// A function try block
void f() try {
   throw E("Exception thrown in f()");
}
catch (E& e) {
   cout << e.error << endl;
}

void g() {
   throw E("Exception thrown in g()");
}

int main() {
   f();

   // A try block
   try {
      g();
   }
   catch (E& e) {
      cout << e.error << endl;
   }
   try {
      A x;
   }
   catch(...) { }
}

See the following output of the above example:

Exception thrown in f()
Exception thrown in g()
Exception thrown in A()

The constructor of class A has a function try block with a member initializer. Function f() has a function try block. The main() function contains a try block.