Definition of S370 C, SAA C, and POSIX C locales

The POSIX, SAA, and S370 locales are pre-built locales used as defaults by the C runtime library. The POSIX locale complies with the standard UNIX definition and supports the z/OS UNIX environment. The SAA locale, which provides compatibility with previous releases of C/370, is consistent with the POSIX model, but varies slightly with respect to several values. The S370 locale, which is not supported for AMODE 64 applications, is compatible with an older format generated by the EDCLOC assembler macro rather than through the use of the localedef utility.

The POSIX definition of the C locale is described below, with the IBM extensions LC_SYNTAX and LC_TOD showing their default values.

The SAA and S370 definitions of the C locale are different from the POSIX definition; consistency with previous releases of z/OS® XL C/C++ is provided for migration compatibility. The differences are described in Differences between SAA C and POSIX C locales.

The relationship between the POSIX C and SAA C locales is as follows. If you are running with the runtime option POSIX(OFF):

The SAA C locale definition is the default. "C", "SAA", and "S370" are treated as synonyms for the SAA C locale definition, which is prebuilt into the library.
The source file EDC$SAAC LOCALE is provided for reference, but cannot be used to alter the definition of this prebuilt locale.
Issuing setlocale(category, "") has the following effect:
- First, locale-related environment variables are checked for the locale name to use in setting the category specified. Querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns the name of the locales specified by the appropriate environment variables.
- If no non-null environment variable is present, then it is the equivalent of having issued setlocale(category, "S370"). That is, the locale chosen is the SAA C locale definition, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "S370" as the locale name.
If no setlocale() function is issued, or setlocale(LC_ALL, "C"), then the locale chosen is the pre-built SAA C locale, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "C" as the locale name.
For setlocale(LC_ALL,"SAA"), the locale chosen is the pre-built SAA C locale, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "SAA" as the locale name.
For setlocale(LC_ALL,"S370"), the locale chosen is the pre-built SAA C locale, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "S370" as the locale name. AMODE 64 applications do not support the "S370" locale, and setlocale will fail requests for that name.
For setlocale(LC_ALL,"POSIX"), the locale chosen is the pre-built POSIX C locale, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "POSIX" as the locale name.

If you are running with the runtime option POSIX(ON):

The POSIX C locale definition is the default. "C" and "POSIX" are synonyms for the POSIX C locale definition, which is pre-built into the library.
The source file EDC$POSX LOCALE is provided for reference, but cannot be used to alter the definition of this pre-built locale.
Issuing setlocale(category, "") has the following effect:
- Locale-related environment variables are checked to find the name of locales that can set the category specified. Querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns the name of the locale specified by the appropriate environment variables.
- If no non-null environment variable is present, then the result is equivalent to having issued setlocale(category,"C"). That is, the locale chosen is the POSIX C locale definition, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "C" as the locale name.
If no setlocale() function is issued, or if setlocale(LC_ALL, "C") is used, then the locale chosen is the pre-built POSIX C locale. Querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "C" as the locale name.
For setlocale(LC_ALL,"POSIX"), the locale chosen is the pre-built POSIX C locale, and querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "POSIX" as the locale name.
For setlocale(LC_ALL,"SAA"), the locale chosen is the pre-built SAA C locale. Querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "SAA" as the locale name.
For setlocale(LC_ALL,"S370"), the locale chosen is the pre-built SAA C locale. Querying the locale with setlocale(category, NULL) returns "S370" as the locale name. As with POSIX(OFF), AMODE 64 applications do not support the "S370" locale and setlocale will fail requests for that name.

The setlocale() function supports locales built using the localedef utility, as well as locales built using the assembler source and produced by the EDCLOC macro. However, locales built using EDCLOC are not supported when running AMODE 64 applications.

The LC_TOD category for the SAA C and POSIX C locales can be customized during installation of the library by your system programmer. See Customizing your installation for more information. The supplied default will obtain the time zone difference from the operating system. However, it will not define the daylight savings time.

The LC_SYNTAX category for the SAA C and POSIX C locales is set to the IBM-1047 definition of the variant characters. Figure 1 lists other locale categories for the POSIX C locale.

Figure 1. Additional locale categories for POSIX C

escape_char   /
comment_char  %

%%%%%%%%%%%%
LC_CTYPE
%%%%%%%%%%%%
% "alpha" is by default "upper" and "lower"
% "alnum" is by definition "alpha" and "digit"

% "print" is by default "alnum", "punct" and <space> character
% "punct" is by default "alnum" and "punct"

upper   <A>;<B>;<C>;<D>;<E>;<F>;<G>;<H>;<I>;<J>;<K>;<L>;<M>;/
        <N>;<O>;<P>;<Q>;<R>;<S>;<T>;<U>;<V>;<W>;<X>;<Y>;<Z>

lower   <a>;<b>;<c>;<d>;<e>;<f>;<g>;<h>;<i>;<j>;<k>;<l>;<m>;/
        <n>;<o>;<p>;<q>;<r>;<s>;<t>;<u>;<v>;<w>;<x>;<y>;<z>

digit   <zero>;<one>;<two>;<three>;<four>;/
        <five>;<six>;<seven>;<eight>;<nine>

space   <tab>;<newline>;<vertical-tab>;<form-feed>;/
        <carriage-return>;<space>

cntrl   <alert>;<backspace>;<tab>;<newline>;<vertical-tab>;/
        <form-feed>;<carriage-return>;/
        <NUL>;<SOH>;<STX>;<ETX>;<EOT>;<ENQ>;<ACK>;<SO>;/
        <SI>;<DLE>;<DC1>;<DC2>;<DC3>;<DC4>;<NAK>;<SYN>;/
        <ETB>;<CAN>;<EM>;<SUB>;<ESC>;<IS4>;<IS3>;<IS2>;/
        <IS1>;<DEL>

punct   <exclamation-mark>;<quotation-mark>;<number-sign>;/
        <dollar-sign>;<percent-sign>;<ampersand>;<apostrophe>;/
        <left-parenthesis>;<right-parenthesis>;<asterisk>;/
        <plus-sign>;<comma>;<hyphen>;<period>;<slash>;/
        <colon>;<semicolon>;<less-than-sign>;<equals-sign>;/
        <greater-than-sign>;<question-mark>;<commercial-at>;/
        <left-square-bracket>;<backslash>;<right-square-bracket>;/
        <circumflex>;<underscore>;<grave-accent>;/
        <left-curly-bracket>;<vertical-line>;<right-curly-bracket>;<tilde>

xdigit  <zero>;<one>;<two>;<three>;<four>;/
        <five>;<six>;<seven>;<eight>;<nine>;/
        <A>;<B>;<C>;<D>;<E>;<F>;/
        <a>;<b>;<c>;<d>;<e>;<f>

blank   <space>;/
        <tab>

toupper (<a>,<A>);(<b>,<B>);(<c>,<C>);(<d>,<D>);(<e>,<E>);/
        (<f>,<F>);(<g>,<G>);(<h>,<H>);(<i>,<I>);(<j>,<J>);/
        (<k>,<K>);(<l>,<L>);(<m>,<M>);(<n>,<N>);(<o>,<O>);/
        (<p>,<P>);(<q>,<Q>);(<r>,<R>);(<s>,<S>);(<t>,<T>);/
        (<u>,<U>);(<v>,<V>);(<w>,<W>);(<x>,<X>);(<y>,<Y>);/
        (<z>,<Z>)

tolower (<A>,<a>);(<B>,<b>);(<C>,<c>);(<D>,<d>);(<E>,<e>);/
        (<F>,<f>);(<G>,<g>);(<H>,<h>);(<I>,<i>);(<J>,<j>);/
        (<K>,<k>);(<L>,<l>);(<M>,<m>);(<N>,<n>);(<O>,<o>);/
        (<P>,<p>);(<Q>,<q>);(<R>,<r>);(<S>,<s>);(<T>,<t>);/
        (<U>,<u>);(<V>,<v>);(<W>,<w>);(<X>,<x>);(<Y>,<y>);/
        (<Z>,<z>)

END LC_CTYPE

%%%%%%%%%%%%
LC_COLLATE
%%%%%%%%%%%%

order_start
% ASCII Control characters
<NUL>
<SOH>
<STX>
<ETX>
<EOT>

<ENQ>
<ACK>
<alert>
<backspace>
<tab>
<newline>
<vertical-tab>
<form-feed>
<carriage-return>
<SO>
<SI>
<DLE>
<DC1>
<DC2>
<DC3>
<DC4>
<NAK>
<SYN>
<ETB>
<CAN>
<EM>
<SUB>
<ESC>
<IS4>
<IS3>
<IS2>
<IS1>
<space>
<exclamation-mark>
<quotation-mark>
<number-sign>
<dollar-sign>
<percent-sign>
<ampersand>
<apostrophe>
<left-parenthesis>
<right-parenthesis>
<asterisk>
<plus-sign>
<comma>
<hyphen>
<period>
<slash>
<zero>
<one>
<two>
<three>
<four>
<five>
<six>
<seven>
<eight>
<nine>
<colon>
<semicolon>
<less-than-sign>
<equals-sign>
<greater-than-sign>
<question-mark>
<commercial-at>
<A>
<B>
<C>
<D>
<E>
<F>
<G>

<H>
<I>
<J>
<K>
<L>
<M>
<N>
<O>
<P>
<Q>
<R>
<S>
<T>
<U>
<V>
<W>
<X>
<Y>
<Z>
<left-square-bracket>
<backslash>
<right-square-bracket>
<circumflex>
<underscore>
<grave-accent>
<a>
<b>
<c>
<d>
<e>
<f>
<g>
<h>
<i>
<j>
<k>
<l>
<m>
<n>
<o>
<p>
<q>
<r>
<s>
<t>
<u>
<v>
<w>
<x>
<y>
<z>
<left-curly-bracket>
<vertical-line>
<right-curly-bracket>
<tilde>
<DEL>
order_end

END LC_COLLATE

%%%%%%%%%%%%
LC_MONETARY
%%%%%%%%%%%%

int_curr_symbol   ""
currency_symbol   ""
mon_decimal_point ""
mon_thousands_sep ""
mon_grouping      ""

positive_sign     ""
negative_sign     ""
int_frac_digits   -1
frac_digits       -1
p_cs_precedes     -1
p_sep_by_space    -1
n_cs_precedes     -1
n_sep_by_space    -1
p_sign_posn       -1
n_sign_posn       -1

END LC_MONETARY

%%%%%%%%%%%%
LC_NUMERIC
%%%%%%%%%%%%

decimal_point     "<period>"
thousands_sep     ""
grouping          ""

END LC_NUMERIC

%%%%%%%%%%%%
LC_TIME
%%%%%%%%%%%%

abday   "<S><u><n>";/
        "<M><o><n>";/
        "<T><u><e>";/
        "<W><e><d>";/
        "<T><h><u>";/
        "<F><r><i>";/
        "<S><a><t>"

day     "<S><u><n><d><a><y>";/
        "<M><o><n><d><a><y>";/
        "<T><u><e><s><d><a><y>";/
        "<W><e><d><n><e><s><d><a><y>";/
        "<T><h><u><r><s><d><a><y>";/
        "<F><r><i><d><a><y>";/
        "<S><a><t><u><r><d><a><y>"
 
abmon   "<J><a><n>";/
        "<F><e><b>";/
        "<M><a><r>";/
        "<A><p><r>";/
        "<M><a><y>";/
        "<J><u><n>";/
        "<J><u><l>";/
        "<A><u><g>";/
        "<S><e><p>";/
        "<O><c><t>";/
        "<N><o><v>";/
        "<D><e><c>"

mon     "<J><a><n><u><a><r><y>";/
        "<F><e><b><r><u><a><r><y>";/
        "<M><a><r><c><h>";/
        "<A><p><r><i><l>";/
        "<M><a><y>";/
        "<J><u><n><e>";/

        "<J><u><l><y>";/
        "<A><u><g><u><s><t>";/
        "<S><e><p><t><e><m><b><e><r>";/
        "<O><c><t><o><b><e><r>";/
        "<N><o><v><e><m><b><e><r>";/
        "<D><e><c><e><m><b><e><r>"

% equivalent of AM/PM (%p)
am_pm      "<A><M>";"<P><M>"

% appropriate date and time representation (%c) "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y"
d_t_fmt    "<percent-sign><a><space><percent-sign><b><space><percent-sign><e>/
<space><percent-sign><H><colon><percent-sign><M>/
<colon><percent-sign><S><space><percent-sign><Y>"

% appropriate date representation (%x) "%m/%d/%y"
d_fmt      "<percent-sign><m><slash><percent-sign><d><slash><percent-sign><y>"

% appropriate time representation (%X) "%H:%M:%S"
t_fmt      "<percent-sign><M><colon><percent-sign><M><colon><percent-sign><S>"

% appropriate 12-hour time representation (%r) "%I:%M:%S %p"
t_fmt_ampm "<percent-sign><I><colon><percent-sign><M><colon><percent-sign><S>/
<space><percent-sign><p>"

END LC_TIME

%%%%%%%%%%%%
LC_MESSAGES
%%%%%%%%%%%%

yesexpr "<circumflex><left-square-bracket><y><Y><right-square-bracket>"
noexpr  "<circumflex><left-square-bracket><n><N><right-square-bracket>"

END LC_MESSAGES