LBOUND(ARRAY, DIM, KIND)

Purpose

Returns the lower bound of each dimension in an array, or the lower bound of a specified dimension.

Class

Inquiry function

Argument type and attributes

ARRAY: The array whose lower bounds you want to determine. The bounds of the array must be defined; that is, the corresponding actual argument cannot be a disassociated pointer or an allocatable array that is not allocated.
DIM (optional): An INTEGER scalar. Its value must be in the range 1 ≤ DIM ≤ RANK(ARRAY). The corresponding actual argument must not be an optional dummy argument. The DIM argument cannot be present if ARRAY is an assumed-rank object that is associated with a scalar.

KIND (optional): An INTEGER scalar. The actual argument corresponding to KIND must be a constant expression.

Result type and attributes

The result is of type integer.
If KIND is present, the kind type parameter is that specified by the value of KIND; otherwise, the kind type parameter is that of the default integer type.
If DIM is present, the result is a scalar. If DIM is not present, the result is a one-dimensional array with one element for each dimension in ARRAY.
If ARRAY is an assumed-rank object that is associated with a scalar, the result is a zero-sized array.

Result value

Each element in the result corresponds to a dimension of array.

If ARRAY is a whole array or array structure component, LBOUND(ARRAY, DIM) is equal to the lower bound for subscript DIM of ARRAY.
The only exception is for a dimension that is zero-sized and ARRAY is not an assumed-size array of rank DIM, in such a case, the corresponding element in the result is one regardless of the value declared for the lower bound.
If ARRAY is an array section or expression that is not a whole array or array structure component, each element has the value one.

Examples

        REAL A(1:10, -4:5, 4:-5)

        RES=LBOUND( A )
! The result is (/ 1, -4, 1 /).

        RES=LBOUND( A(:,:,:) )
        RES=LBOUND( A(4:10,-4:1,:) )
! The result in both cases is (/ 1, 1, 1 /)
! because the arguments are array sections.