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Creating successful software for worldwide use requires attention to locale details ranging from date and time to numeric formatting.

Date formats

Although all dates basically display the day, month and year, their presentation-order and separators vary greatly. In fact, there may be many differences between regions within the same country.

Date sequence categories
In this table, showing the most common short date format, yy or yyyy refers to year number, mm to month number, and dd to day number. The numbers may be in the Arabic, Hindi, Chinese, Thai, or other numeral shapes. Numbers will usually be decimal, but can be Roman. Users should be able to select the appropriate sequence and separators for presentation purposes. For example, September 30, 2004 could be written in yymmdd sequence as 2004/09/30, 2004-09-30, or 2004.09.30, depending on the user's choice of a slash, dash, or period separator.

Category Sequence Separators
A yyyymmdd slash, dash, period
B ddmmyy slash, dash, period
C yymmdd slash, dash, period 
D ddmmyyyy slash, dash, period 
E mmddyy slash, dash, period 
Examples of alternative date formats

All examples use the tenth day of the fourth month of 2004

Arabic countries
In Arabic countries, dual calendars are everyday occurrences, so the date must reference the calendar being used. In Arabic script, this is done by adding a character to the left of the date to indicate thecalendar. The character Meem(Arabic Meem) indicates the Gregorian calendar, while the character Heh (Arabic Heh) indicates the Islamic calendar. English references to dates in Arabic countries should also indicate which calendar is intended, by the suffix G for Gregorian, as in 2004 G. Note that the date format 10/04/2004 is used from the storage (keyboard sequence) point of view, and 2004/04/10 is used from the presentation point of view. 

Alternate date format for Arabic countries
The date is written as a right-to-left string of the day, the month, and the year. The day may be a name (written right-to-left) or a number (written left-to-right); the month is a name (right-to-left); and the year is a number (left-to-right). For example, the date Tuesday April 10th, 2004 is read right to left, in the Arabic equivalent of: 2004 ni lirpa fo 10 yadseut

Hebrew
In Hebrew correspondence, when the Gregorian calendar is used, the following format may occur: 2004 Hebrew date 10  in which the English month-name (September) is written in Hebrew. When the Hebrew calendar is used, dates are usually written in Hebrew. The day and year are represented by Hebrew letters, and the name of the month is written in full. In the following, the single and double apostrophes indicate that the Hebrew letter corresponds to a predetermined numeric value, such as 1 for Alef, 2 for Bet, 3 for Gimel, etc.

yyyy htnom dd 
y"yyy htnom 'd 
y"yyy htnom d"d 

Alternative date format for Japan
C1C2 yy C3 mm C4 dd C5, where
C1C2: Emperor Era in Kanji (2 ideographic characters)
yy: Emperor Era year (numeric)
C3: Kanji character that names the year (1 ideographic)
mm: Month (numeric)
C4: Kanji character that names the month (1 ideographic)
dd: Day (numeric)
C5: Kanji character that names the day (1 ideographic)

Alternative date format for Taiwan
C1 yyy C2 mm C3 dd C4 or C1 YYY C2 MM C3 DDD C4, where
C1: Taiwan era in Chinese (4 or 8 characters)
C2: Chinese character meaning year (2 bytes)
C3: Chinese character meaning month (2 bytes)
C4: Chinese character meaning day (2 bytes)
yyy: Taiwan era year number (3 characters, Arabic numerals)
YYY: Taiwan era year number (1 to 5 DBCS Chinese numerals)
mm: Month number (2 characters Arabic numerals)
MM: Month number (2 DBCS Chinese numerals)
ddd: Day number (2 bytes Arabic numerals)
DDD: Day number (3 DBCS Chinese numerals)

Thailand
Official documents use the format dd mmmmm yyyy, where spaces are used as separators. The month is abbreviated to five Thai characters, and the year is replaced by Buddhist Era and uses four Thai characters.


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Continue to "Time formats"


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